Illumina Local Run Manager (Update A)

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• CVSS v3 10.0
• ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
• Vendor: Illumina
• Equipment: Local Run Manager (LRM)
• Vulnerabilities: Path Traversal, Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type, Improper Access Control, Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information

2. UPDATED INFORMATION

This updated advisory is a follow-up to the original advisory titled ICSA-22-153-02 Illumina Local Run Manager that was published June 22, 2022, on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics.

3. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow an unauthenticated malicious actor to take control of the affected product remotely and take any action at the operating system level. An attacker could impact settings, configurations, software, or data on the affected product and interact through the affected product with the connected network..

4. TECHNICAL DETAILS

4.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following devices and instruments using LRM software are affected:

Illumina In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) devices:

• NextSeq 550Dx: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1
• MiSeq Dx: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1

Researcher Use Only (ROU) instruments:

• NextSeq 500 Instrument: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1
• NextSeq 550 Instrument: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1
• MiSeq Instrument: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1
• iSeq 100 Instrument: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1
• MiniSeq Instrument: LRM Versions 1.3 to 3.1

4.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

4.2.1    EXECUTION WITH UNNECESSARY PRIVILEGES CWE-250

LRM utilizes elevated privileges. An unauthenticated malicious actor can upload and execute code remotely at the operating system level, which can allow an attacker to change settings, configurations, software, or access sensitive data on the affected product. An attacker could also exploit this vulnerability to access APIs not intended for general use and interact through the network.

CVE-2022-1517 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

4.2.2    IMPROPER LIMITATION OF A PATHNAME TO A RESTRICTED DIRECTORY ('PATH TRAVERSAL') CWE-22

LRM contains a directory traversal vulnerability that can allow a malicious actor to upload outside the intended directory structure.

CVE-2022-1518 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

4.2.3    UNRESTRICTED UPLOAD OF FILE WITH DANGEROUS TYPE CWE-434

LRM does not restrict the types of files that can be uploaded to the affected product. A malicious actor can upload any file type, including executable code that allows for a remote code exploit.

CVE-2022-1519 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 10.0 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

4.2.4    IMPROPER ACCESS CONTROL CWE-284

LRM does not implement authentication or authorization by default. A malicious actor can inject, replay, modify, and/or intercept sensitive data.

CVE-2022-1521 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 9.1 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

4.2.5    CLEARTEXT TRANSMISSION OF SENSITIVE INFORMATION CWE-319

LRM version 2.4 and lower does not implement TLS encryption. A malicious actor can MITM attack sensitive data in-transit, including credentials.

CVE-2022-1524 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of 7.4 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

4.3 BACKGROUND

• CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Healthcare and Public Health
• COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: Worldwide
• COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: United States

4.4 RESEARCHER

Pentest, Ltd., (pentest.co.uk) reported these vulnerabilities to Illumina. Illumina reported these vulnerabilities to CISA.

5. MITIGATIONS

Illumina has developed a software patch to protect against the remote exploitation of these vulnerabilities and is actively working to provide a permanent software fix for current and future instruments.

For instruments connected to the Internet, the software patch is available for download. 

--------- Begin Update A: Part 1 of 1 ---------

Illumnia has released the following hashes for the Local Run Manager in its latest software patch:

Filename: LocalRunManagerSecurityPatch.msi

• SHA-512: 52b5cfdc462b10011027e94f184c2f0da25b0b1363fddb7fa5793938d11f976259a7f73e77c2fd157f560439ec3df70446aa561b586dc8ef94db2ed95fcce841 
• SHA-256: 595b724f1c5b4bac446001400b38b748b4ef05520b5489ea4711a2a4289e721a
• SHA-1: 25e523031b3bd818d4bba1017c534c735f650e23 
• MD5: 4552a1130947b95ac18be4335c1447f5

--------- End Update A: Part 1 of 1 ---------

For affected products not connected to the Internet, Illumina has developed other options for the installation of the software patch. Please contact Illumina Tech Support at techsupport@illumina.com to obtain information about these options.  

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

• Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
• Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolate them from the business network.
• When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.



CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics Several recommended practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics in the Technical Information Paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.



Organizations observing any suspected malicious activity should follow their established internal procedures and report their findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.

No known public exploits specifically target these vulnerabilities. 

• Illumina